Liquid sprayer



Dec. 29 1925- D. E. MMDONALD ET AL LIQUID SPRAYER Filed April 26, 1922 Patented Dec. 29, 1925.

UNITED STATES non n. MACDONALD TO B. E. CHAPIN .MFG. WORK AND LAFAYETTE VAN ALST,OF BATAVIA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS S, F BATAVIA, NEW YORK.

LIQUID SPRAYER.

Application filed April 26, 1922. Serial No. 556,872.

To'all whom it may concern:

Be it known that W,DON E. MACDON- ALD and LAFAYETTE VAN ALsT, citizens of the United States, residing at Batavia, in

the county of Genesee and State of New York, have invented anew and useful Im provement in Liquid Sprayers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates te liquid sprayers and particularly to hand sprayers of the kind used for spraying trees, bushes and plants with vermin-destroying or other liquid.

i A well known type "of sprayer of this sort comprises a hand pump which has formed in the end thereof'an air pressure chamber communicating with the liquid receptacle suspended from thepump barrel. The forward end of this air chamber is provided with a nozzle which is preferably reniovably mounted in position, and a liquid supply tube leads from thebottom 0 the liquid receptacle tothis nozzle and extends into the nozzle, space being provided between the inner walls of the nozzle and -the tube to permit the passage of air around the tube and through'the disc large opening of the nozzle, whereby the air divides the liquid passing out of the end of the supply tube into a fine spray.

It is one of the objects of this invention to provide a means for imparting to the air as it passes through the channel formed between the liquid supply tube and the walls r of the nozzle, a rotary movement which breaks up the liquid into a line spray causing it to be emitted from the nozzle in a very fine spray or mist and insures the dividing of the liquid into a spray irrespective of the distance between the end of the tube and the end of the nozzle. It has been found in the commercial sprayers of this type that the outlet opening of the nozzle sometimes removal of the nozzle for cleaning purposes. When the nozzle is replaced in position, it frequently happens that the nozzle is not accurately adjusted with its end in exactly the required relation to the end of the liquid tube, and the apparatus will not produce a good spray. The ordinary commercial type of Sprayers requires a very nice adjustment of the nozzle relative to the end of the tube to cause it to operate properly. By impartingto the air as it flows past the-end of the liquid supply tube,

becomes choked, necessitating the.

a rotary motion, we have found that this nice adjustment maybe dispensed with and that the relative distance between the end of the liquid tube and the nozzle within reasonable limits is immaterial so far as the operation of the sprayer is concerned.

Another object of this inventionis to provide in a sprayer of the above type, means whereby the. air pressure chamber into which the liquid sometimes escapes, may be made of non-corrosive or non-rusting mate rial without the necessity of forming the entire pump cylinder of such material whereby the cost of construction of the apparatus may be materially reduced.

Another object of this invention is to construct the pump' so that the head fitting within the pump cylinder and forming the air pressure chamber together with the closure cap for said cylinder, and which carries the nozzle, may be secured in position by a single soldered joint, thereby reducing the cost of production of the apparatus.

For the purpose of disclosing the invention, one embodiment thereof is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the sprayer.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section thereof on line 2-2, Fig. 1, on an enlarged scale.

.Figs. 3 and 4' are similar views on lines 33 and 4% respectively, Fig. 1..

Fig. 5 shows in perspective the cup and closure members of the air chamber.

In the embodiment ofthe invention lllllSc trated, there is provided a liquid receptacle 1 in which the liquid is adapted to be contained. This receptacle is secured to an air pump cylinder 2 in whichoperates a compression piston 3 of the usual type. This cylinder 2 may be formed of a cheap grade of material, such for instance astin or the like, due to the fact that none ofits parts come in contact with the spraying liquid, which would rust such material as tin. An air pressure chamber 4, which communicates with the reservoir 1 is formed by a cupshaped member 5 arranged to fit within the end of the cylinder 2, and at its outer end "the walls of this cup-shaped member are preferably slightly expanded, to form a shoulder 6 against which the end of the cylinder 2 abuts and which limits the distance the cup-shaped member may be i1 1sert-' v I ed into the cylinder. This cup-shaped memher and having its inner end lying adjacent the end of the cylinder Qso that a single ring of solder 13 applied at this point will sealthe joint between the cylinder and the cup and between the cap flange 12 and the cup and secure these three members to gether.

The nozzle 14 of the sprayer is secured in position on the endcap 11 and preferably comprises a tubular member having a coneshaped end provided with a spray opening 15, which opening is preferably in one, side of the cone rather than at'the apex so that the spray may be directed in different directions by rotating the nozzle to different positions. This nozzle is preferably removably secured in position by screwing its inner end into a threaded socket 16 soldered or otherwise secured or formed on the cap 11.

The receptacle 1 communicates with the air pressure chamber a through a suitable opening 17 extending through the wall of the receptacle, the wall of the cylinder and the wall of the cupped member 5, and a liquid tube 18 extending from the bottom of the receptacle through the opening 17, projects into the tubular spray nozzle, a portion of the tube bein'g bent substantially at right angles to the outer portion of the tube toproperly ai-eon'uumlate the. parts. The. bent portion of the tube '18 is preferably arranged to engage the tube 8 of the check valve which forms a seat to assist in properly positioning the tube relatively to the associated parts. That end of the tube extending into the spray nozzle preferably has at its forward end, in addition to the opening in the end of the tube, a plurality of small lateral openings 19 in the side wall thereof near the end. and the tube is centered in the nozzle and ,spaced from the side Valls of the nozzle by means oi a'eoiled wire or spring 20 which surrounds that portion 01 the tube extending into the nozzle. This wire coil preferably fits tightly on the liquid tube 18 and remains thereon when the tube is removed from the nozzle.

Only the reservoir and the parts at the front end of the pump cylinder come in contact with the liquid. 'Therefore, the reser- .tube.

. in contact with the liquid, this may be made of cheaper material such for instance as tin or the like. In soldering the liquid reservoir l to the pump barrel 2, the solder will sweat into the joint between the pump cyl- .inder and the cupped member 5, and thus protect the portion of the pump cylinder surrounding the opening 17 from attack by the liquid.

In the operation, the air is compressed in the liquid receptacle 1 by the operation of the piston 3, the air passing from the air chamber 4t into the receptacle through the opening 17 connecting the same. The pressure of the air on the top of the liquid in the receptacle forces the liquid up through the liquid tube 18 and at the same time the air passes out of the chamber t through the nozzle. As it passes through the nozzle, it is given a rotary movement, due to the spiral passage formed in the nozzle by the coiled wire 20 surrounding the end of the liquid tube 18. As the airpas'ses over the end of the liquid tube it comes in contact with the liquid passing out of the end of the liquid tube and thoroughly atomizes the liquid, causing it to issue out of the nozzle discharge orifice in the form of an extreme- 'ly fine 'spray.l The direction of this spray depends upon the position of the discharge orifice which may be changed by'rotating the nozzle, and since the fact that the relative distance between the end of the liquid tube 18 and the end of the nozzle is immaterial so far as the proper operation of the sprayer is concerned, due to imparting to the air a rotary movement in the nozzle, no specific means need be provided for permitting a rotation of the nozzle without varying the adjustment of the end of the nozzle with respect to the end of the liquid A. single piece nozzle simply screwed into the end of the pump barrel can there fore be used, and this can be screwed in or out more or less, and the orifice positioned to direct the spray as may be desired without interfering with the proper spraying action of the device.

In order to increase the etficiency of the apparatus, in addition to the end opening in the liquid tube 18, the small side open ings 19 are formed in the side thereof adjacent the end of the tube so that if for any reason the nozzle is screwed up so far as to close or partly close the opening in the end of the tube, sufficient opening will still remain in the tube to pern'iit the passage therethrough of the liquid and the device will not be rendered inoperative. Furthermore. it has been found that by having'a a lateral direction and coming in contact with the rotating air, the liquid is more.

finely atomized, and drops on the end'of the nozzle are prevented.

\Ve claim as our invention: 1. In a sprayer, the combination of a pump cylinder, a cup-shaped closure member fitting within the end of said cylinder and forming an air pressurechamber, said member projecting out of the pump cylinder beyond the end thereof, a check valve carriedby said closure member, a cover for said closure member'having a flange fitting externally on the end of said cup member and lying adjacent to the end of the cylinder to permit the securing of the closure member in position in said cylinder and the cover on said member by a single solder joint, :1 liquid receptacle communicating with said pressure chamber, a nozzle mounted on said cap, and a liquid tube leading from thelower part of said receptacle into said nozzle.

2. In a sprayer, the combination of a pump cylinder, a cup shaped closure memher" fitting within the end of said cylinder and ha'vinga shoulder to engage the end of the cylinder, said member projecting out of the pump cylinder beyond the end thereof and forming an air chamber, a check valve carried by, said closure member, a cap for said closure member having a flange fitting externally on said closure member and lying adjacent to the end of said cylinder to permit the securing of the cap of the closure member and the closure member in position insaid cylinder by a single solder joint, a nozzle secured on said cap, a liquid receptacle communicating with said air chamber, and a liquid. tube leading from the lower part of said receptacle and extending into said nozzle.

3. In a sprayer, the combination of a pump, an air chamber in which air pressure is created by said pump, a nozzle communicating with saidair chamber and having a small discharge orifice in its outer end, a liquid receptacle communicating with said ,air chamber, a liquid supply tube leading from the lower portion of said liquid receptacle and extending into said nozzle and terminating adjacent said discharge orifice, and a wire coiled around that portion of the tube within the nozzle and engaging the tube and the surrounding wall of the nozzle, thereby maintaining the tube axially in the nozzle and forming a spiral air passage between the nozzle and the tube to impart a 'rotary movement to the air as it passes through the nozzle and cause the air to act with a rotary motion on the liquid discharged from the tube for atomizing the liquid.

4. In a sprayer, the combination of an air-pump, a nozzle arranged to receive air from said pump and having a small discharge orifice at its outer end, a liquid receptacle communicating with said pump and with said nozzle, a liquid supply tube leading from the lower portion of saidliquid receptacle and extending into said nozzle and terminating adjacent said discharge orifice, a check Valve controlling communication between the air compressing chamber of the pump and said liquid receptacle for maintaining air pressure in the liquid receptacle, and a wire coiled around that portion of the tube within thenozzle and engaging the tube and the surrounding wall of the nozzle, thereby maintaining the tube axially in the nozzle and forming a spiral air passage between the nozzle and the tube to impart rotary movement to the air as it passes through the nozzle and cause the air to act Wltll'fi. ro-

tary motion on the liquid discharged from the tube for atomizingthe liquid.

5. In a sprayer, the combination of a pump, an air chamber in which air pressure charge orifice at its outer end, a liquid receptacle communicating with said air chamber, a liquid tube leading from the lower part of said receptacle and having a part bent at an angle and extending into said nozzle and terminating adjacent said discharge orifice, the bent portion of said tube engaging a part of said check valve to prevent substantial endwise movement of that part of said tube which extends into said nozzle.

6. In a sprayer, the combination of a pump, an air chamber in which air pressure is created by said pump, a check valve disposed between said pump and said air chamber, a tubular nozzle comn'iunicating with said air chamber and having a small discharge orifice at its outer end, a liquid receptacle communicating with said air chamber, a liquid .t-ube leading from the lower part of said receptacle and having a part bent at an angle and extending intosaid nozzle and terminating adjacent said discharge orifice, the bent portion of said tube engaging a part of said check valve to; prevent substantial endwise movement of that part of said tube which extends into said nozzle, and a wire coiled around that porand the tube and maintaining said tube in axial relation to said nozzle.

DON E. MACDONALD; LAFAYETTE VAN ALST; 

